Analysis and Modeling of Channel Effects on a Propagating Signal within City Street Canyons

In this work, an accurate method to determine the total signal field spread at the receiver, under the influence of channel effects due to city street canyons, is proposed. Multiple rays are considered based on the path profile they have traversed to the receiver. The developed formulations to determine path loss or signal strength degradation, take into account the reflection and diffraction coefficients resulting from signal waves impinging geometrical as well as reflective surfaces within the street canyons. The results from computed formulations are compared with measured results in specific environments with similar electrical characteristics to the parameters used in the model. From these results it is possible to determine whether a cellular network within a city central business district requires either a micro-cell or Pico-cell to increase capacity and minimize signal degradation at the receiver within a given area.